Comprehensive numerical modeling of vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers
Date
1996
Authors
Corzine, Scott W., author
Scott, J. W., author
Choquette, Kent D., author
Warren, Mial E., author
Lear, Kevin L., author
Hadley, G. Ronald, author
IEEE, publisher
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Abstract
We present a comprehensive numerical model for vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers that includes all major processes affecting cw operation of axisymmetric devices. In particular, our model includes a description of the 2-D transport of electrons and holes through the cladding layers to the quantum well(s), diffusion and recombination of these carriers within the wells, the 2-D transport of heat throughout the device, and a multilateral-mode effective index optical model. The optical gain acquired by photons traversing the quantum wells is computed including the effects of strained band structure and quantum confinement. We employ our model to predict the behavior of higher-order lateral modes in proton-implanted devices and to provide an understanding of index-guiding in devices fabricated using selective oxidation.
Description
Rights Access
Subject
band structure
carrier mobility
ion implantation
laser cavity resonators
laser modes
quantum well lasers
refractive index
semiconductor device models
surface emitting lasers