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Studies of flow in alluvial channels: WSP 1948, chapter, some properties of water-clay dispersions and their effect on flow

Date

1961-08

Authors

Simons, Daryl B., author
Richardson, E. V. (Everett V.), 1924-, author
Haushild, W. L., author
Colorado State University, publisher

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Abstract

Fine material (bentonite and kaolin clays) dispersed in water have a very definite affect on the viscosity and specific weight of the fluid. Tests at 24 degrees centigrade, with a Stormer viscosimeter showed that the apparent kinematic viscosity for a ten percent by weight water-clay dispersion of bentonite was 8.75 times greater than that of clear water and kaolin was 1.40 times greater. The change in viscosity and density of the fluid changes the fall velocity of the bed material. The affect of fine material on the fall velocity of the bed material can be determined, as a first approximation, with the visual accumulation tube apparatus by using water-clay dispersions as the sedimentation liquid. The results from visual accumulation analyses are comparable to those obtained by computation using the Reynolds number, drag relation and the viscosity of the water-clay dispersion as obtained from the Stormer viscosimeter. Experiments conducted in flumes at Colorado State University demonstrated that when changes in fall velocity, caused by the changes in fluid properties, occurred the form of bed roughness was altered. Resistance to flow and sediment transport, because they are dependent on the form of bed roughness, were appreciably affected.

Description

CER61DBS50.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 43-44).
August 1961.

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Subject

Stream measurements
Alluvial streams
Fluid dynamics

Citation

Associated Publications