Propagation, pollen storage, and in vitro lemmatoxin production of endod (Phytolacca dodecandra L.)
Date
1991
Authors
Demeke, Tigst, author
Hughes, Harrison G., advisor
Ross, Cleon W., committee member
Lee, Chi Won, committee member
Towill, Leigh E., committee member
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Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Abstract
Protocols for macropropagation and micropropagation of endod are described. High levels on IBA (19.7 and 39.4 mM) resulted in the greatest number of roots of semi-hardwood cuttings. Combinations of IBA and NAA did not improve rooting. Cuttings taken from the apical and medial regions of stem branches rooted faster than the basal ones, but there was no difference in rooting percentage at six weeks. Scarification of seeds resulted in faster germination. Over 71% seed germination was obtained under aseptic condition in the control, gibberellic acid treated and scarified seeds. MS medium containing 0.44 μM BA induced 3.1 shoots per explant in vitro using shoot tips. Nodal explants produced up to 4.7 shoots per explant. Vertical and diagonal placement of nodal explants resulted in greater shoot proliferation than horizontal placement in strains 3 and 17. IBA at 0.49 μM induced 90% rooting of in vitro shoots with low callus production. Successful rooting was obtained at 1/2 and 1/4 MS basal salt concentrations with 0.49 μM IBA. Preculturing shoot tips in an MS medium containing IBA and transferring to medium without hormones did not reduce callus production at the explant base. Nodal explants gave 80 - 85% rooting with a low frequency of callus formation (7.5%). In vitro rooted plantlets grew normally and flowered in a greenhouse. Over 70% pollen germination was achieved on a medium containing 10% sucrose and 161.8 μM H3B03. Pollen stored at 1±1°C and -175°C maintained viability for six months, whereas pollen stored at 24±2°C lost viability within one month. Pollen stored at -175°C for three months when used in pollination set normal fruits and seeds. The greatest amount of callus was produced from shoot tip explants using IBA and 2iP. Flower bud and pericarp explants produced the least amount of callus. A hemolysis assay was found to be effective in analyzing saponin content of samples. No hemolytic activity was evident in the callus samples tested. Extracts from callus samples tested negatively for molluscicidal potency. Highest hemolytic activity of plant samples was recorded in the fully · enlarged green berry stage. Seeds were found to be essential for hemolytic activity.
Description
Covers not scanned.
Rights Access
Subject
Phytolacca dodecandra
Plant propagation
Plant tissue culture
Schistosomiasis