Irrigation Management
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Item Open Access Nebraska agricultural water management network (NAWMN) update(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Zoubek, Gary L., author; Irmak, Suat, author; Rees, Jenny M., author; VanDeWalle, Brandy, authorItem Open Access Irrigation capacity impact on limited irrigation management and cropping systems(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Schneekloth, Joel P., author; Nielsen, David C., author; Schlegel, Alan, authorItem Open Access Water production functions for Central Plains crops(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Trout, Thomas J., author; Bausch, Walter C., authorSustaining irrigated agriculture with limited water supplies requires maximizing productivity per unit of water. Relationships between crop production and water consumed are basic information required to maximize productivity. This information can be used to determine if deficit irrigation is economically desirable and how to best manage limited water supplies. Field trials of corn, sunflower, dry bean, and wheat production with six levels of water application were used to develop water production functions based on consumptive use and to better understand water timing effects and crop responses to stress. Initial results indicate linear relationships between yield and crop ET. The field data are being used to improve and validate crop models so they can be used to generalize the field results for other climate and soil characteristics.Item Open Access Assessment of plant available soil water on producer fields in western Kansas(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Lamm, Freddie R., author; Rogers, Danny H., author; Schlegel, Alan J., author; Klocke, Norman L., author; Stone, Loyd R., author; Aiken, Rob M., author; Shaw, L. Kent, authorItem Open Access A return look at dormant season irrigation strategies(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Schlegel, Alan J., author; Stone, Loyd R., author; Dumler, Troy J., author; Lamm, Freddie R., authorMany of the irrigation systems today in the Central Great Plains no longer have the capacity to apply peak irrigation needs during the summer and must rely on soil water reserves to buffer the crop from water stress. Considerable research was conducted on preseason irrigation in the US Great Plains region during the 1980s and 1990s. In general, the conclusions were that in-season irrigation was more beneficial than preseason irrigation and that often preseason irrigation was not warranted. The objective of this study was to determine whether preseason irrigation would be profitable with today's lower capacity wells. A field study was conducted at the KSU-SWREC near Tribune, Kansas, from 2006 to 2009. The study was a factorial design of preplant irrigation (0 and 3 in), well capacities (0.1, 0.15, and 0.20 in day-1 capacity), and seeding rate (22,500, 27,500, and 32,500 seeds a-1). Preseason irrigation increased grain yields an average of 16 bu a-1. Grain yields were 29% greater when well capacity was increased from 0.10 to 0.20 in day-1. Crop water productivity (CWP, grain yield divided by crop water use) was not significantly affected by well capacity or preseason irrigation. Preseason irrigation was profitable at all well capacities. At well capacities of 0.10 and 0.15 in day-1, a seeding rate of 27,500 seeds a-1 was generally more profitable than lower or higher seeding rates. A higher seeding rate (32,500 seeds a-1) increased profitability when well capacity was increased to 0.2 in day-1.Item Open Access Optimizing cropping systems under limited irrigation conditions(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Schlegel, Alan J., author; Stone, Loyd R., author; Dumler, Troy J., author; Lamm, Freddie R., authorResearch was initiated in 2001 and conducted through 2010 under sprinkler irrigation at Tribune, Kansas to evaluate limited irrigation in several no-till crop rotations on grain yield, water use, and profitability. Crop rotations were 1) continuous corn, 2) corn-winter wheat, 3) corn-wheat-grain sorghum, and 4) corn-wheat-grain sorghum-soybean. Irrigation was limited to 10 inches annually with 5 inches applied to wheat, 15 inches to corn (when in rotation with wheat), and 10 inches to grain sorghum, soybean, and continuous corn. Crop water productivity and yield of corn was greater when grown in rotation than with continuous corn. The length of the rotation did not affect grain yield or crop water productivity of grain sorghum or winter wheat. Continuous corn was generally the most profitable cropping system. However, changes in prices or yields could result in multi-crop rotations being more profitable, indicating the potential for alternative crop rotations to reduce risk under limited irrigation.Item Open Access Introducing the web-based version of KanSched: an ET-based irrigation scheduling tool(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Rogers, Danny H., authorItem Open Access Proposed procedures for limited irrigation for crop insurance(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Waechter, Jay, authorItem Open Access Tillage and crop residue removal effects on evaporation, irrigation requirements, and yield(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) van Donk, Simon J., author; Klocke, Norman L., authorItem Open Access Tillage practices in Kansas: 2010 survey results(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Presley, DeAnn, authorItem Open Access Using soil water sensors to improve irrigation management(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Chávez, José L., author; Evett, Steven R., authorIrrigation water management has to do with the appropriate application of water to soils, in terms of amounts, rates, and timing to satisfy crop water demands while protecting the soil and water resources from degradation. In this regard, sensors can be used to monitor the soil water status; and some can be used to calculate irrigation amounts and to decide when to optimally irrigate. This article consists of two parts: 1) presentation of different soil water sensor technologies, and 2) accuracy assessment of selected sensors. The selected sensors included the Acclima (ACC) time domain transmissometer (Acclima, Inc., Meridian, ID), the CS616 and CS655 water content reflectometers (Campbell Scientific, Inc., Logan, UT), the Hydra Probe (Stevens Water Monitoring Systems, Inc., Portland, OR), and the 5TE (Decagon Devices, Inc., Pullman, WA). Sensed soil water content values, in a sandy clay loam soil and a silty clay loam soil, were compared with corresponding values derived from gravimetric samples and TDR readings. Factory based calibrations performed well for the ACC and CS655, but not for the other sensors. The ACC and CS655 sensors were promising for irrigation management, although proper installation is important. Evaluations indicated that a linear calibration for the ACC and the CS616 sensors could improve the water content readings.Item Open Access Using plant canopy temperature to improve irrigated crop management(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Colaizzi, Paul D., author; O'Shaughnessy, Susan A., author; Evett, Steven R., author; Howell, Terry A., authorRemotely sensed plant canopy temperature has long been recognized as having potential as a tool for irrigation management. However, a number of barriers have prevented its routine use in practice, such as the spatial and temporal resolution of remote sensing platforms, limitations in computing capacity and algorithm accuracy, and the cost and ruggedness of sensors and related components that can transmit and receive data wirelessly. Recent advances in all of these areas have made remote sensing more feasible in providing real-time feedback of field conditions. This can potentially reduce management time, maintain crop yield and crop water productivity, and detect unusual conditions such as equipment malfunctions or biotic stress sooner. Center pivots equipped with wireless infrared thermometers (IRTs) have been found to be suitable as a remote sensing platform. Canopy temperature-based algorithms have successfully automated drip and center pivot irrigation schedules where crop yield, water use efficiency, seasonal water use, and irrigation amounts applied were comparable to irrigations scheduled manually with a field-calibrated neutron probe. Even without automation, these algorithms can provide timely and valuable information on plant and soil water status, which can improve the management of irrigated crops.Item Open Access Crop selections and water allocations for limited irrigation(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Klocke, Norman L., author; Dumler, Troy J., author; Stone, Loyd R., author; Briggeman, Steven, authorItem Open Access SDI, the basics of successful systems(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Lamm, Freddie R., author; Rogers, Danny H., authorItem Open Access Using the K-State center pivot sprinkler and SDI economic comparison spreadsheet - 2012(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Lamm, Freddie R., author; O'Brien, Daniel M., author; Rogers, Danny H., author; Dumler, Troy J., authorItem Open Access Integrating multiple irrigation technologies for overall improvement in irrigation management(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Howell, T. A., author; O'Shaughnessy, S. A., author; Evett, S. R., authorItem Open Access Erraticity of sprinkler irrigated corn in 2011(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Lamm, Freddie R., author; Howell, Terry A., author; Bordovsky, James P., authorItem Open Access Kansas irrigation trends(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012-02) Rogers, Danny H., author; Lamm, Freddie R., authorItem Open Access Corn production with spray, LEPA, and SDI(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2011-02) Colaizzi, Paul D., author; Evett, Steven R., author; Howell, Terry A., authorCorn is a major irrigated crop in the U.S. Great Plains with a large irrigation requirement making efficient, effective irrigation technology important. The objective of this paper was to compare corn productivity for different irrigation methods and irrigation rates in 2009 and 2010 at Bushland, Texas. Irrigation methods included mid-elevation spray application (MESA), low elevation spray application (LESA), low energy precision application (LEPA), and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI). Each irrigation method was evaluated at four irrigation rates, which were 25, 50, 75, and 100% of meeting the full crop water requirement. There were no significant differences in grain yield and water use efficiency for MESA, LESA, and SDI for the 100% irrigation rate in 2009 and for all irrigation rates in 2010. In 2009, SDI resulted in significantly greater grain yield and water use efficiency compared with all other methods at the 50 and 75% irrigation rates; little measurable grain yield resulted for all methods at the 25% rate. However, 2009 was not a typical production year because an irrigation system failure occurred just before anthesis, and unusually high atmospheric demands followed, resulting in soil water shortages in all plots during the most water-sensitive development stages, with consistent lowering of grain yield. In both years, LEPA resulted in lower yield, soil water content, and water use efficiency compared with the other methods at the 75 and 100% rates, which was partially attributed to furrow dike erosion and plot runoff. The relative response of corn to MESA, LESA, LEPA, and SDI was much different compared with other crops that were evaluated in previous experiments; these included grain sorghum, soybean, and cotton.Item Open Access Utilizing soil moisture readings in irrigation scheduling(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2011-02) Crookston, M. A., author