Section 4: Social and Economic Development in Rural Mongolia
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This digital collection includes presentations, in English and Mongolian, given at the Building Resilience of Mongolian Rangelands conference held in 2015 for the topic: Social and Economic Development in Rural Mongolia.
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Item Open Access Implementation of green development policy based on vulnerability assessment: Khovd aimag's case study(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2015-06) Altanbagana, M., author; Suvdantsetseg, B., author; Chuluun, T., author; Nominbolor, Kh., author; Kherlenbayar, B., author; Nutag Action and Research Institute, publisherIn 2014 the Mongolian parliament approved the Green Development Policy. Out of 21 aimags, Khovd, Arkhangai, Uvurkhangai, Khentii and Bulgan aimags set an objective of prioritizing green development on their local level. This paper is based on the project "Conducting environmental and social vulnerability research of soums in five aimags leading in green development and developing strategy recommendation" and it is written using Khovd aimag as a case study. Here, in Khovd aimag's 17 soums, we evaluated eight variables including drought-dzud index, vegetation index, preventable livestock loss, prepared hay and fodder, pasture use index, degree of desertification, land degradation and surface water loss, allowing us to make an integrated assessment of ecological vulnerability. According to our analysis, the Gobi desert steppe region was defined as most vulnerable among environmental zones, and out of a total of 17 soums Altai, Uyench, Zereg, Chandmani and Duut soums were defined as most vulnerable, followed by Must, Darvi, Munkhhairkhan, Mankhan and Myangad soums. There is a need to give top priority to the planning and implementation of green policy in these ecologically more vulnerable soums by increasing their "green" budget. This will allow them to develop their capacity to adapt to climate change, decrease their vulnerability, to conduct optimal management of pasture use and have targeted preparation of hay and fodder.Item Open Access Early warning system for pastoral herders to reduce disaster risk by using a mobile SMS service(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2015-06) Balt, Suvdantsetseg, author; Oba, Akihiro, author; Wanglin, Yan, author; Myagmarsuren, Altanbagana, author; Nutag Action and Research Institute, publisherHerders in Mongolia are directly affected by climate change impact more than urban residents. This research project is developing an early warning system to prevent disaster risk by using mobile SMS services based on the partnership between a scientific research group, local policy makers, industrial technology developers and support of pastoral communities. The mobile message based forecasting system has included common weather information, forage information and other local requested information and been delivered in current time since August 2013 in a case study in Biger soum of Gobi-Altai province, Mongolia. After the system had been implemented 98% of participants agreed they had improved knowledge about adaptation to dzuds, understood the importance of information access, found it was manageable for their daily job and believed it would help reduce impacts of climate disasters.Item Open Access The influence of the booming mining industry on the agricultural sector in Mongolia(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2015-06) Ge, Wei, author; Kinnucan, Henry W., author; Nutag Action and Research Institute, publisherMongolia's extensive mineral deposits and attendant growth in mining-sector activities have transformed Mongolia's economy, which traditionally has been dependent on herding and agriculture. In this paper a Keynesian type equilibrium displacement model is developed to deduce hypotheses about the effects of mining on agriculture. A major hypothesis to be tested is whether the effects have been adverse, as suggested by the "Dutch Disease" hypothesis.Item Open Access How does local mining impact on rural immigration: case of Mongolia(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2015-06) Amarjargal, Amartuvshin, author; Zhang, Yaoqi, author; Chen, Jiquan, author; Nutag Action and Research Institute, publisherAfter 70 years of communist regime, Mongolia chose a radical transition for democracy and a market economy in 1990. Since the 2000s, the Mongolian government has been promoting the mining industry to increase its foreign exchanges. The mining sector may offer local job opportunities and revenues, but might also cause loss and degradation of pasture land the local people depend on. An empirical study is conducted to investigate whether the immigration of rural people from a mining area is different from that of a non-mining area using a probit model based on a 2013 workforce survey of Mongolia. The result shows that mining soums receive fewer outsiders than the non-mining soums, suggesting local mining activities exert limited economic linkage in local community for a case of Mongolia.Item Open Access Planning an agent-based network for livestock production and meat distribution in Mongolia(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2015-06) Yan, Wanglin, author; Oba, Aikihiro, author; Balt, Suvdantsetseg, author; Nutag Action and Research Institute, publisherThis paper reviews the problems of livestock production in Mongolia and proposes an agent-based meat distribution network composed of multiple players. Agents sell and buy products and services, equipped with intelligent capacity of knowledge and physical capacity of freezing meat stock, livestock, and forage stock. Local governments and communities are the key for enhancing food security. The network, as a whole, is green, clean and resilient to climatic and market disturbance.