Effects of trace mineral source and concentration on production parameters throughout one cow-calf production cycle
Date
2023
Authors
Hallmark, Harrison, author
Engle, Terry, advisor
Ahola, Jason, advisor
Garry, Franklyn, committee member
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Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Cu, Zn, and Mn supplementation on mineral status, production parameters, and cattle performance in a rangeland environment throughout a one -year period in eastern Colorado. One hundred and eighty multiparous crossbred (Angus and Angus x Hereford) beef cows were blocked by body weight, age, and gestational status and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 free-choice mineral treatments (n = 60 cows per treatment). Treatments were then assigned to 1 of 9 replicates (n=20 cows per replicate), resulting in 3 replicates per treatment. Treatments consisted of, 1) 1X NASEM (2016) sulfate base source, 2) 1X NASEM (2016) Intellibond source, or 3) 0.5X NASEM (2016) Intellibond source. Treatments 1 (1X Sulfate) and 2 (1X Intellibond) contained 1,000, 2,000, and 3,000 mg/kg DM of Cu, Mn, and Zn, respectively. While treatment 3 (0.5X Intellibond) contained 500, 1,000, and 1,500 mg/kg DM of Cu, Mn, and Zn. All free-choice mineral supplements were formulated to provide 0.15% supplemental S, 15 mg/kg Co from Co carbonate, and 55 mg/kg I from Ca iodate (Hubbard Feeds; Mankato, MN). Supplement consumption was formulated for 113 g·animal-1 ·d-1. Supplement intakes were determined every 28 d. Liver biopsies and blood samples were obtained before the experiment was initiated (d -45), after calving (d 158 and 159), and after weaning (d 294) at the end of the first production year. Each replicate was rotated to a different pasture every 2 to 4 weeks to minimize pasture effects. Cows were weighed during each liver biopsy event and at each scheduled handling events. A two-day calf weaning weight was collected during weaning (d 260 and 261). Over the first year of the experiment, cow BW, BCS, mineral status, mineral intake, and calf weaning weight were collected. There was no impact of treatment on any of the response variables measured during the first year of the experiment.
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Subject
hydroxychloride
trace minerals
supplementation
cow/calf