Ligand and reaction development in the Rhodium(III)-catalyzed C-H activation-mediated synthesis of n-heterocycles
Date
2013
Authors
Hyster, Todd K., author
Rovis, Tomislav, advisor
Finke, Richard G., committee member
Chen, Eugene Y.-X., committee member
Bailey, Travis S., committee member
Kanatous, Shane B., committee member
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Abstract
Described herein are the development of new directing groups and new ligands for Rh(III)- catalyzed, multi-component synthesis of nitrogen containing heterocycles. The amide directing group was found to be an effective coupling partner for the synthesis of isoquinolones. Mechanistic experiments suggested the possibility to activated alkenyl C-H bonds for the synthesis of pyridones. During these studies, development of a new cyclopentadienyl ligand (Cpt) for C-H activation allowed for enhanced regioselectivity in the alkyne insertion event. Oxime directing groups were found to provide pyridines when coupled with alkynes. Again the Cpt ligand impacted the alkyne migratory insertion event. This ligand is also effective in controlling the migratory insertion of alkenes in the synthesis of dihydroisoquinolones. An enantioselective synthesis of dihydroisoquinolones was discovered using a strept(avidin)-based artificial metalloenzyme providing enhanced reactivity, regioselectivity, and enantioselectivity. This artificial metalloenzyme is also effective for controlling the enantioselective synthesis of γ-lactams from diazo compounds and benzamides.
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Subject
C-H activation
rhodium
metalloenzyme
cyclopentadienyl ligand