Effects of nanostructured polymeric surfaces on bacterial adhesion and erythrocyte (RBCs) integrity

Abstract

Blood-contacting devices, such as stents, artificial heart valves, vascular grafts and catheters, placed within a host body, are subjected to complications such as thrombosis, restenosis, hemolysis etc. These complications result in the frequent need for revision surgeries or long-term drug therapies post implantations. Natural and synthetic biocompatible polymers are used as potential solutions for these issues due to their superior characteristic of biodegradability. Recent advancements in nanoscale fabrication and modification of these surfaces has shown improved results with platelets, leukocytes and other whole blood components. However, disruptions in erythrocyte's cell structure, caused by the foreign body materials, can compromise their oxygen-carrying capacity. This can further affect the overall tissue oxygenation and potentially lead to myocardial ischemic conditions. Therefore, it is also vital to understand the effect of bio-implant surfaces on erythrocyte integrity and viability, to enhance their biocompatibility. In this study, PCL nanostructured surfaces, nanofibers and nanowires, were fabricated and modified with organic compounds, Tanfloc and CMKC, to investigate their antibacterial properties and their effect on erythrocyte's cell integrity. Results indicate that the modified PCL nanostructured surfaces exhibit enhanced antibacterial properties and retain erythrocyte integrity.