Great river wood dynamics in northern Canada
| dc.contributor.author | Kramer, Natalie, author | |
| dc.contributor.author | Wohl, Ellen, advisor | |
| dc.contributor.author | Rathburn, Sara, committee member | |
| dc.contributor.author | Kampf, Stephanie, committee member | |
| dc.contributor.author | Leisz, Stephen, committee member | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2016-08-18T23:10:11Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2016-08-18T23:10:11Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2016 | |
| dc.description | Zip file contains data files. | |
| dc.description.abstract | Downed wood is a resource easily utilized by plants and animals from the forests to the sea and is essential for many ecosystems. The diverse benefits that wood brings to streams and riparian corridors are well documented by river scientists and wood re-introduction is commonly used as a river restoration tool. However, much of the existing work investigates the short-term impact of wood rather than its variability through time and legacy on the landscape. In this dissertation, I use the Slave River (water discharge=2-7 x103 m3 s −1 , channel widths=300-2000 m, drainage area=6x105 km2 ), and its receiving sedimentary basin, the Great Slave Lake (surface area=273 km2 , depths 20-600 m, volume 1000-2000 km3 ), in northern Canada to better understand wood transport dynamics of a major river basin across varied timescales from minutes to centuries and the influence of driftwood on shoreline landscape evolution. The four primary contributions of this work are: a comprehensive literature review and synthesis of wood transport in rivers worldwide (Chapter 1), new methods for monitoring and quantifying wood flux with timelapse cameras (Chapter 2), description of processes among driftwood, sediment, and vegetation that result in shoreline features that I have coined "driftcretions" (Chapter 3), and expansion of wood transport research into multiple timescales with a focus on how flow history impacts magnitude of wood flux (Chapter 4). In Chapter 1, I: qualitatively summarize existing transport research around flow, wood and reach characteristics, quantitatively consolidate and analyze wood mobility field data in relation to increasing channel size, identify disconnects between driving processes and how mobility is measured, and constrain and conceptualize thresholds between wood dynamic ii regimes. In Chapter 2, I introduce a cheap, useful and fast way to monitor and estimate wood flux with timelapse photography through the use of the metric p, the probability of seeing wood within a timeframe, and I provide statistical methods to estimate appropriate sampling intervals to minimize bias and variance. In Chapter 3, I describe processes and rates by which pulsed driftwood export are delivered and accreted to shorelines and I discuss how these processes influence rates of carbon sequestration, sediment storage and habitat formation. In Chapter 4, I use a variety of methods centered around repeat photography and anecdotes to assess temporal variability of pulsed driftwood flux through the Slave River in the past century. Findings in this dissertation provide useful information for understanding pulsed wood flux, shoreline dynamics and landforms in marine and terrestrial water bodies before widespread historical deforestation, damming of rivers, and wood removal along major waterways. I not only synthesize and link existing work on wood mobilization, transport and deposition to an intriguing case study, but challenge existing wood transport premises, provide new conceptual models describing processes of wood transport through drainage networks, and present new approaches and methods for quantifying and analyzing the variability in wood flux and influence of wood deposits on landforms. My descriptions of wood transport and shoreline processes prior to development of river corridors will be an invaluable resource to groups who seek to identify environmental impacts of dams and to scientists who are investigating the impact that past and future development of river corridors has had or will have on ecosystems. | |
| dc.format.medium | born digital | |
| dc.format.medium | doctoral dissertations | |
| dc.format.medium | ZIP | |
| dc.format.medium | CSV | |
| dc.identifier | Kramer_colostate_0053A_13680.pdf | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176648 | |
| dc.language | English | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | |
| dc.publisher | Colorado State University. Libraries | |
| dc.relation.ispartof | 2000-2019 | |
| dc.relation.references | Anderson, Natalie, Great Slave Lake Oblique Aerial Photographs. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/172976 | |
| dc.relation.references | Anderson, Natalie, Timelapse Wood Monitoring Network - Fort Fitzgerald. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/172977 | |
| dc.rights | Copyright and other restrictions may apply. User is responsible for compliance with all applicable laws. For information about copyright law, please see https://libguides.colostate.edu/copyright. | |
| dc.title | Great river wood dynamics in northern Canada | |
| dc.type | Text | |
| dcterms.rights.dpla | This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights (https://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/). You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). | |
| thesis.degree.discipline | Geosciences | |
| thesis.degree.grantor | Colorado State University | |
| thesis.degree.level | Doctoral | |
| thesis.degree.name | Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) |