Hydrothermal surface modifications on titanium for biomedical applications
Date
2023
Authors
Manivasagam, Vignesh K., author
Popat, Ketul C., advisor
Cox-York, Kimberly, committee member
Walajabad, Sampath, committee member
Wang, Zhijie, committee member
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Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are widely used in different biomaterial applications due to their remarkable mechanical properties and bio-inertness. However, titanium-based materials still face some challenges, with an emphasis on hemocompatibility. Blood-contacting devices such as stents, heart valves, and circulatory devices are prone to thrombus formation, restenosis, and inflammation due to inappropriate blood–implant surface interactions. After implantation, when blood encounters these implant surfaces, a series of reactions takes place, such as protein adsorption, platelet adhesion and activation, and white blood cell complex formation as a defense mechanism. Currently, patients are prescribed anticoagulant drugs to prevent blood clotting, but these drugs can weaken their immune system and cause profound bleeding during injury. Extensive research has been done to modify the surface properties of titanium to enhance its hemocompatibility. Results have shown that the modification of surface morphology, roughness, and chemistry has been effective in reducing thrombus formation. A simple hydrothermal treatments with different acidic/basic medium were investigated in this dissertation. The first treatment with sodium hydroxide and the second treatment with sulfuric acid. Hemocompatability, cytocompatibility and antibacterial properties of these surfaces were investigated. The results indicated that sodium hydroxide surface is suitable for orthopedic application and sulfuric acid surface with silane coating is highly suitable for blood contacting implant surface.
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Subject
biomaterials
biocompatability
surface characterization