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Chained sweet: nanoconfinement of carbohydrates

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dc.contributor.authorWiebenga-Sanford, Benjamin P., author
dc.contributor.authorLevinger, Nancy, advisor
dc.contributor.authorFisher, Ellen, committee member
dc.contributor.authorBarisas, George, committee member
dc.contributor.authorMenoni, Carmen, committee member
dc.contributor.authorGraham, James, committee member
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-17T16:46:23Z
dc.date.available2018-01-17T16:46:23Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractSugars and other carbohydrates play critical roles in a vast array of chemical and biological systems. In biological systems, the carbohydrates' environments are highly heterogeneous, including interfaces in cells and subcellular organelles, and on proteins. Nanoconfined aqueous environments also feature in these naturally and artificially occurring systems. The studies reported here explore glucose and other carbohydrate molecules, specifically ethylene glycol, glycerol, meso-erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol, myo-inositol, and trehalose, in the nanoconfined environments offered by reverse micelles, also referred to as water-in-oil mocroemulsions. I investigate how the nanoconfinement affects the carbohydrate behavior and how the carbohydrates affect the reverse micelles. I report the effect of carbohydrates on report the loading-ability of carbohydrates into the reverse micelles, demonstrate the location of the carbohydrates in the reverse micelle water pools, and show an unexpected effect where the carbohydrates to add to the reverse micelle volume without appearing to take up space. I use EXSY or Z-Z exchange spectroscopy to show that that the exchange rate between water and carbohydrate hydroxyl groups is substantially slower than it is in bulk aqueous solution and that it does not depend on hydrogen bonding between the carbohydrate and surfactant headgroup. These reverse micellar environments can provide unique platforms for confinement and as model systems for biological constructs. Results from these studies provide fundamental information to help us understand, predict and control carbohydrates, in particular glucose, in biological systems. Finally, I report on experiments utilizing steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy to characterize the nature of the reverse micellar interior, specifically the local "viscosity" via the response of a dye probe molecule. I also detail experiments that aimed to measure the aggregation number, that is, the number of surfactant molecules in the reverse micelles of varying water and carbohydrate loading. Although interesting, these studies did not yield the desired results.
dc.format.mediumborn digital
dc.format.mediumdoctoral dissertations
dc.identifierWiebengaSanford_colostate_0053A_14616.pdf
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10217/185783
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherColorado State University. Libraries
dc.relation.ispartof2000-2019
dc.rightsCopyright and other restrictions may apply. User is responsible for compliance with all applicable laws. For information about copyright law, please see https://libguides.colostate.edu/copyright.
dc.subjectglucose
dc.subjectNMR
dc.subjectreverse micelles
dc.subjectnanoscopic aqueous environments
dc.subjectcarbohydrates
dc.subjectproton exchange
dc.titleChained sweet: nanoconfinement of carbohydrates
dc.typeText
dcterms.rights.dplaThis Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights (https://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/). You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).
thesis.degree.disciplineChemistry
thesis.degree.grantorColorado State University
thesis.degree.levelDoctoral
thesis.degree.nameDoctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)

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