Browsing by Author "Schumacher, Russ, author"
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Item Open Access Climate change in Colorado(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2023) Bolinger, Rebecca, author; Lukas, Jeff, author; Schumacher, Russ, author; Goble, Peter, authorThis report is a synthesis of climate science relevant for management and planning for Colorado's water resources. This is an update from the 2014 report which focused on observed climate trends, climate modeling, and projections of temperature, precipitation, snowpack, and streamflow. In this update, the observed record is expanded. Additionally, it focuses on the release of new climate models and how they compare to the models used in the 2008 and 2014 reports. For this third Climate Change in Colorado, we cover a similar scope to the previous two reports. The core mission of the report is to describe recent trends in Colorado’s climate and hydrology and interpret the model-based projections of future climate and hydrology. Proportionately more of this report is devoted to extreme climate-driven events–including heat waves, droughts, wildfires, and floods–than the previous reports. The overall societal impacts of climate change will be driven by changes in these extreme events as well as by changes in the average climate. Chapter 2 provides analysis of observed and projected trends in temperature and precipitation. Chapter 3 provides analysis of observed and projected trends in Colorado’s water, including snowpack, streamflow volume and timing, soil moisture, and evapotranspiration. Chapter 4 focuses on hazards and extremes. When possible, quantitative analysis of observed and projected trends is included, otherwise a qualitative assessment of trends and possible future projections is included. The Appendix provides supplemental information on the observational climate dataset and the climate model projections used in the report.Item Open Access Climate change in Colorado: executive summary(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2024) Bolinger, Rebecca, author; Lukas, Jeff, author; Schumacher, Russ, author; Goble, Peter, author; Colorado Climate Center, publisherExecutive summary of the third edition of the Climate Change in Colorado Report which describes recent trends and future projections of Colorado's climate and hydrology.Item Open Access Climatological and radar-indicated characteristics of United States extreme rain events(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2003) Schumacher, Russ, authorThis study examines the radar-indicated structures and other features of extreme rain events in the United States over a three-year period. A rainfall event is defined as "extreme" when the 24-h precipitation total at one or more stations surpasses a threshold that varies spatially based on the frequency of heavy rain in that location. Using the National Weather Service high-resolution rain gauge network, and eliminating bad precipitation data, this definition yields 193 such events from 1999 to 2001 in the area east of the Rocky Mountains, excl ding Florida. The monthly frequency distribution of extreme rain events generally agrees with previous studies of precipitation systems. There is an overall maximum in June, July, and August, though events occur in every month of the year. In the northern part of the country, extreme rainfall is almost exclusively confined to the warm season. In contrast, the distribution in the south indicates that extreme rainfall there is less dependent on season. Two-km national composite radar reflectivity data are used to examine the structure and evolution of each extreme rain event. In the northern and Great Plains states, almost all of the extreme rain events are associated with mesoscale convective systems (MCSs), while in the northeast and southeast, synoptic-scale weather systems and tropical cyclones play a much greater role. In total, 59% of the total number of events are associated with MCSs. The heavy rain from extreme-rain-producing MCSs typically begins in the evening, peaks sometime after dark, and dissipates or moves away in the early morning hours. While a wide variety of organizational structures (as indicated by the reflectivity data) were seen among the MCS cases, two patterns of organization were observed most frequently. The first pattern has a line with "training" convective elements and an adjoining region of stratiform rain. The second has a back building convective line/cluster with a parallel region of stratiform rain downstream. The organization of each type of MCS is conducive to large rainfall accumulations. Composite analysis of RUC- 2 model analyses reveals that training line/adjoining stratiform (TL/AS) systems typically form under deep atmospheric moisture on the cool side of a pre-existing slow-moving surface boundary, while back building with parallel stratiform (BPS) MCSs also occur in a very moist environment but are more dependent on mesoscale and storm-scale processes than on pre-existing synoptic boundaries. Two case studies are also presented that further reinforce the conclusions drawn from the composite analysis.Item Open Access Colorado State maximum temperature record(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2019-10-05) Schumacher, Russ, authorFull report compiled by Russ Schumacher for a new state record maximum temperature on July 20, 2019.--taken from website.Item Open Access Colorado State mean sea level pressure record(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2020-05-08) Schumacher, Russ, authorFull report compiled by Russ Schumacher for a new state record low pressure from March 13, 2019.--taken from website.Item Open Access Colorado State record hailstone near Bethune(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2019-10-03) Schumacher, Russ, authorFull report compiled by Russ Schumacher for a new state record hailstone from August 13, 2019.--taken from website.Item Open Access Water year 2021 in Colorado(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2021) Goble, Peter, author; Schumacher, Russ, author; Bolinger, Becky, authorItem Open Access Water year 2024 in review(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2024) Schumacher, Russ, author; Goble, Peter, author; Davis, Kristie, author; Colorado Climate Center, Colorado State University. Department of Atmospheric Science, publisher