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Browsing by Author "Mumme, Stephen P., advisor"

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    Hydrocarbon conflict in the Peruvian Amazon: indigenous peoples' decolonization of development and sustainability
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 2010) Stetson, George Allen, author; Mumme, Stephen P., advisor; Ishiwata, Eric, committee member; MacDonald, Bradley J., committee member; Taylor, Peter, committee member
    In 2008 and 2009 the indigenous peoples from the Peruvian Amazon staged massive protests in opposition to President Alan Garcia's development policies, many of which were designed to facilitate the exploitation and development of natural resources on indigenous territorial spaces. Tragically, the protests ended on June 5 (2009) in the Amazonian province of Bagua, where, according to official reports, ten protesters and twenty-three police officers were killed. Many protesters were injured and others were reported missing. The Bagua event underscores the seriousness of natural resource development on indigenous territorial spaces. This dissertation argues that in order to move toward environmentally sustainable and socially equitable natural resources policies it is necessary to rethink these policies on indigenous territories. To make this case, I examine an environmental conflict over hydrocarbon development on indigenous territories between the Garcia government and the Indigenous Movement in the Peruvian Amazon (IMPA). Situating this conflict in the broader context of the Garcia government's development policy, the dissertation (1) provides a historical and institutional analysis of Peruvian hydrocarbon development on indigenous territories, (2) uses social movement theory to explain indigenous resistance to hydrocarbon and natural resource development on indigenous territorial spaces, and (3) introduces an alternative theory that explains the differences between indigenous and state development perspectives and challenges many of the current neoliberal/socialist framings of indigenous/state conflicts over natural resources. In the end, I argue that a decolonization of Peru's natural resource policy regime is necessary to create policies that are ecologically sustainable, socially equitable, and avoid violent confrontations. Decolonization, a complex and formidable challenge, suggests that indigenous peoples gain greater decision-making control over the natural resources located on indigenous territorial spaces. Contrary to the opinion of the Peruvian government and beyond the stipulations set in International Labor Organization Convention 169, this means that indigenous peoples should have the power to prevent unwanted oil development within indigenous territorial spaces. My projects adds to the Political Science literature by introducing an alternative theoretical framework for the analysis of these issues that will encourage scholars, governments, and political commentators to reevaluate issues related to natural resource development on indigenous territories.
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    Policy change and environmental governance at the U.S.-Mexico border: the creation and development of the Border Environment Cooperation Commission/North American Development Bank
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 2008) Ibáñez Hernández, Oscar Fidencio, author; Mumme, Stephen P., advisor
    The present research performs a detailed analysis of bilateral environmental policy change using Historical Institutionalism, Punctuated Equilibrium and Policy Regime Theory to explain the origins and evolution of the Border Environmental Cooperation Commission (BECC) and the North American Development Bank (NADB). A multi-level governance approach is used to evaluate the complex interactions of BECC/NADB with several other institutional arrangements and their contribution to the United States-Mexico border environmental governance. The outcomes of the research identify opportunities and provide useful lessons to enhance bi-national environmental and non-environmental cooperation and governance particularly along the countries' common border.
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    The role of perceptions on effective judicial access for the gay and lesbian and environmental social movements in Chile and Argentina
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 2010) King, Mariah Dawn, author; Mumme, Stephen P., advisor; Hochstetler, Kathryn, committee member; Daum, Courtenay W., committee member; DeMirjyn, Maricela, committee member
    The frequent gap between de jure and de facto arrangements within South American judicial systems suggest that an institutional focus is not enough to understand effective access. This dissertation uses a constructivist approach to measure judicial access for the environmental and gay and lesbian social movements in Chile and Argentina through examining the effect of societal, individual justices' and social movement activists' perceptions on the social movements' level of de facto judicial access. I find that while individual justices' perceptions of the social movement seeking rights can certainly affect the outcomes of cases, it is the external cultural variable of societal perceptions that more directly influences activists' own perceptions about using the judicial system. Societal perceptions (public opinion) can affect activists' decisions when choosing which political avenues, if any, they should use to gain rights - hence expanding or contracting their level of de jure judicial access.