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IUCN 2nd African Buffalo Symposium

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https://hdl.handle.net/10217/180914
This digital collection includes presentations from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) 2nd African Buffalo Symposium, which was held in conjunction with the 9th International Wildlife Ranching Symposium in 2016.

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Browsing IUCN 2nd African Buffalo Symposium by Author "Clermont, O., author"

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    Escherichia coli population structure and antibiotic resistance at a buffalo/cattle interface in southern Africa
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 2016-09) Mercat, M., author; Clermont, O., author; Massot, M., author; Ruppe, E., author; de Garine-Wichatitsky, M., author; Miguel, E, author; Valls Fox, H., author; Cornelis, D., author; Andremont, A., author; Denamur, E., author; Caron, A., author; International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, publisher
    Human/livestock/wildlife interfaces create favorable conditions for microorganisms spill over between hosts. In landscapes where human expansion encroaches into natural ecosystems, the resulting epidemics are a major cause of human/wildlife conflicts that challenge the sustainable coexistence between Mankind and Nature. Escherichia coli is a well-known bacteria, ubiquitous and harboring antibiotic resistance. It provides a good model to understand the diffusion of antibiotic resistance between hosts and the environment. This is also a good candidate to explore the mechanisms of microorganism transmission between hosts and could be used to track pathogen transmission. We used phenotypic and molecular characterization techniques to describe antibiotic resistance and the diversity of E.coli populations found in sympatric African buffalo (Syncerus caffer caffer) and cattle populations at the Hwange National Park interface, Zimbabwe. Although the structure of E. coli populations was similar between cattle and buffalo populations, we found a gradient of antibiotic resistance, highest in cattle, intermediate in buffalo that were in contact with cattle, and lowest in isolated buffalo. The types and molecular characterization of antibiotic resistance further confirm the observed gradient and suggest that antibiotic resistance is spreading from human to animal populations. We demonstrate that there is a risk of antibiotic resistance diffusion between wildlife, livestock and human populations, with unknown consequences on the health of host populations. These results also confirm that E. coli could be used as a tool to identify transmission pathways in multi-host systems, in an attempt to characterize pathogen spread and risks of emergence.