Mullis, Clifford T., 1943-, authorScharf, Louis L., authorMcCloud, Michael L., authorIEEE, publisher2007-01-032007-01-031999McCloud, Michael L., Louis L. Scharf, and Clifford T. Mullis, Lag-Windowing and Multiple-Data-Windowing Are Roughly Equivalent for Smooth Spectrum Estimation, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 47, no. 3 (March 1999): 839-843.http://hdl.handle.net/10217/747There is no fundamental difference between lag-windowing a correlation sequence and multiple-windowing a data sequence when the objective is to reduce the mean-squared error of a spectrum estimator. By analyzing the approximate low-rank factorization of a bandlimiting Toeplitz operator, we find that lag-windowed (or spectrally smoothed) spectrum estimators have multiple-data-windowed implementations. This makes the Blackman-Tukey-Grenander-Rosenblatt spectrogram equivalent to the Thomson spectrum estimator (and vice-versa), meaning BTGR spectrograms may be implemented in a multichannel filterbank version of the Thomson estimator.born digitalarticleseng©1999 IEEE.Copyright and other restrictions may apply. User is responsible for compliance with all applicable laws. For information about copyright law, please see https://libguides.colostate.edu/copyright.matrix decompositionmean square error methodsspectral analysischannel bank filtersestimation theorysequenceslow-pass filtersToeplitz matricesText