CSU Libraries

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The CSU Libraries is an intellectual and interdisciplinary nexus for the CSU community and Colorado residents. These digital collections include exhibits, faculty presentations, faculty publications, faculty research projects, grant materials, newsletters, open access funded research articles, and training and instruction materials from the CSU Libraries. Materials from the Veterinary Teaching Hospital Library Collection are also included here. Archival materials related to the Libraries may be found in the CSU Libraries Records.

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Open Access
"A long way from Moscow": a collaborative project between archivists, librarians, and historians from the Steppes of Saratov Province and High Plains of Colorado
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2010) Rock, Kenneth W., author; Bishop, Janet, author; Regis University, publisher
This article describes the authors interactions with Russian archivists, librarians, and historians during a 2008 delegation visit to Saratov Province, the state of archival holdings and special collections in the Saratov area, and preliminary discussions regarding proposed collaborative digitization and academic research projects. A reciprocal visit by Russian and Ukrainian colleagues the following year to participate in the Inaugural Conference on German-Russian Studies is also detailed. The authors, both members of the Joint Academic Board for the International Center for German-Russian Studies at Colorado State University, discuss outreach strategies and lessons learned regarding a wide-ranging collaborative international project with information professionals and academics in a region previously closed to the West.
Open Access
A usability evaluation of Colorado State University Libraries' digital collections and the Western Waters Digital Library web sites
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2009) Zimmerman, Donald E., author; Bastian, Dawn E. (Dawn Elaine), 1961-, author
To assess ease of use, 18 participants completed 11 usability tasks for each Web site and then a Web site perception questionnaire. Participants rated both Web sites positively, but 25% and 36% could not complete all tasks; doing so required more than a minute to complete.
Open Access
Accurate characterization of winter precipitation using multi-angle snowflake camera, visual hull, advanced scattering methods and polarimetric radar
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2016-06-11) Notaroš, Branislav M., author; Bringi, Viswanathan N., author; Kleinkort, Cameron, author; Kennedy, Patrick, author; Huang, Gwo-Jong, author; Thurai, Merhala, author; Newman, Andrew J., author; Bang, Wonbae, author; Lee, GyuWon, author; MDPI, publisher
This article proposes and presents a novel approach to the characterization of winter precipitation and modeling of radar observables through a synergistic use of advanced optical disdrometers for microphysical and geometrical measurements of ice and snow particles (in particular, a multi-angle snowflake camera-MASC), image processing methodology, advanced method-of-moments scattering computations, and state-of-the-art polarimetric radars. The article also describes the newly built and established MASCRAD (MASC + Radar) in-situ measurement site, under the umbrella of CSU-CHILL Radar, as well as the MASCRAD project and 2014/2015 winter campaign. We apply a visual hull method to reconstruct 3D shapes of ice particles based on high-resolution MASC images, and perform "particle-by-particle" scattering computations to obtain polarimetric radar observables. The article also presents and discusses selected illustrative observation data, results, and analyses for three cases with widely-differing meteorological settings that involve contrasting hydrometeor forms. Illustrative results of scattering calculations based on MASC images captured during these events, in comparison with radar data, as well as selected comparative studies of snow habits from MASC, 2D video-disdrometer, and CHILL radar data, are presented, along with the analysis of microphysical characteristics of particles. In the longer term, this work has potential to significantly improve the radar-based quantitative winter-precipitation estimation.
Open Access
Adventures in wonderland: subject librarians and assessment in collection development
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2008) Wilde, Michelle L., author; Level, Allison V., author
Presented at the Acquisitions Institute at Timberline Lodge, May 19, 2008, Portland, Oregon.
Open Access
Age-related changes in arterial blood-gas variables in Holstein calves at moderate altitude
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2014-05-15) Neary, Joseph M., author; Garry, Franklyn B., author; Raabis, Sarah M., author; Dove Medical Press Ltd., publisher
The goal of this study was to determine whether peripheral oxygen delivery and efficacy of alveolar-arterial oxygen (A-a O2) transfer, as estimated from the A-a O2 pressure gradient, are compromised in Holstein calves at moderate altitude. The primary objective was to evaluate age-related changes in arterial blood-gas variables, L-lactate, and hematocrit in healthy calves. The secondary objective was to determine if coughing and nasal discharge, commonly used indicators of respiratory disease, are associated with A-a O2 gradient. Arterial blood-gas tensions were evaluated in a cohort of 61 dairy calves on one farm at moderate altitude (1,601 m to 1,696 m). Sampling was performed on four occasions at approximately 10, 38, 150, and 261 days of age. Hyperventilation, as indicated by hypocapnia, was evident in calves of all ages. Increasing age was associated with a nonlinear increase in arterial oxygen tension (P<0.001) and a nonlinear decrease in A-a O2 gradient (P<0.001). The mean A-a O2 gradient at 10 and 38 days of age was over 18 mmHg, indicating poor efficacy of oxygen transfer. Cough score (P=0.02) but not nasal score (P=0.32) was associated with an in increase in A-a O2 pressure gradient. Mean hematocrit remained low (<27%) despite hypoxemia. From 38 days of age, median L-lactate concentration remained over 1.5 mmol/L, indicating substantial anaerobic respiration due to inadequate oxygen delivery. Twenty-five percent of calves were treated for respiratory disease. The maximum age at first treatment was 102 days. In conclusion, there was a nonlinear improvement in A-a O2 transfer efficacy with increasing age, but peripheral oxygen delivery remained compromised. Hyperventilation and impaired A-a O2 transfer due to functional immaturity of the pulmonary system may be risk factors for respiratory disease in dairy calves at moderate altitude.
Open Access
Agricultural frontier to electronic frontier: a history of Colorado State University Libraries, 1870-1995
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 1996) Ernest, Douglas, 1947-, author; Colorado State University, publisher
Open Access
Analysis for science librarians of the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: the life and work of John O'Keefe, Edvard Moser, and May-Britt Moser
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2015) Gilman, Neyda V., author; Taylor & Francis, publisher
Navigation and awareness of space is a complicated cognitive process that requires sensory input and calculation, as well as spatial memory. The 2014 Nobel Laureates in Physiology or Medicine, John O'Keefe, Edvard Moser, and May-Britt Moser, have worked to explain how an environmental map forms and is used in the brain (Nobelprize.org 2014b). O'Keefe discovered place cells that allow the brain to learn and remember specific locations. The Mosers added the second part of the "positioning system in the brain" with their discovery of grid cells, which provide the brain with a navigational coordinate system (Nobelprize.org 2014b).
Open Access
Analysis for science librarians of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: the life and work of William C. Campbell, Satoshi Ōmura, and Youyou Tu
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2016) Gilman, Neyda V., author; Taylor & Francis, publisher
Parasites affect humans worldwide with varying degrees of seriousness. Some of the most impactful parasitic infections affect millions of people, many of whom are already impoverished and struggling. The discoveries of the 2015 Nobel Laureates in Physiology of Medicine have changed the way some of these serious parasitic infections are treated, saving and improving the lives of countless people. These Laureates are William C. Campbell, Satoshi Ōmura, and Youyou Tu.
Open Access
Analysis of Readex's Serial Set MARC records: improving the data for the library catalog
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012) Draper, Daniel C., author; Lederer, Naomi, author; Elsevier, publisher
Colorado State University Libraries (CSUL) purchased the digitized United States Congressional Serial Set, 1817-1994 and American State Papers (1789-1838) from the Readex Division of NewsBank, inc and, once funds and records were available, the accompanying MARC records. The breadth of information found in the Serial Set is described, along with the difficulties in using the print version (incorporated in the literature review, which includes citations of announcements of the digital collections and reviews of the software). The digital version of the Serial Set has its advantages, but there are additional rewards (much greater discovery opportunities) when items in the digital collection are directly accessible from the library catalog. The purchased MARC records, while overall excellent, had problems that needed to be corrected before they were loaded into CSUL's Innovative Interfaces library catalog. Patron access impact was used as a criterion when determining which of the records would be fixed before loading. High impact problems were identified and solutions derived for: multiple 245 (title) fields; 245 second indicator zero with titles beginning with a, an, or the; dollar sign used in text; fixed field date; languages; subject headings; creating proxy URLs; classification numbers; and author authority control (e.g. corporate entries and presidential entry errors).
Open Access
Arabidopsis thaliana VOZ (Vascular plant One-Zinc finger) transcription factors are required for proper regulation of flowering time
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2013-04-15) Celesnik, Helena, author; Ali, Gul S., author; Robison, Faith M., author; Reddy, Anireddy S. N., author; The Company of Biologists Ltd., publisher
Transition to flowering in plants is tightly controlled by environmental cues, which regulate the photoperiod and vernalization pathways, and endogenous signals, which mediate the autonomous and gibberellin pathways. In this work, we investigated the role of two Zn2+-finger transcription factors, the paralogues AtVOZ1 and AtVOZ2, in Arabidopsis thaliana flowering. Single atvoz1-1 and atvoz2-1 mutants showed no significant phenotypes as compared to wild type. However, atvoz1-1 atvoz2-1 double mutant plants exhibited several phenotypes characteristic of flowering-time mutants. The double mutant displayed a severe delay in flowering, together with additional pleiotropic phenotypes. Late flowering correlated with elevated expression of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), which encodes a potent floral repressor, and decreased expression of its target, the floral promoter FD. Vernalization rescued delayed flowering of atvoz1-1 atvoz2-1 and reversed elevated FLC levels. Accumulation of FLC transcripts in atvoz1-1 atvoz2-1 correlated with increased expression of several FLC activators, including components of the PAF1 and SWR1 chromatin-modifying complexes. Additionally, AtVOZs were shown to bind the promoter of MOS3/SAR3 and directly regulate expression of this nuclear pore protein, which is known to participate in the regulation of flowering time, suggesting that AtVOZs exert at least some of their flowering regulation by influencing the nuclear pore function. Complementation of atvoz1-1 atvoz2-1 with AtVOZ2 reversed all double mutant phenotypes, confirming that the observed morphological and molecular changes arise from the absence of functional AtVOZ proteins, and validating the functional redundancy between AtVOZ1 and AtVOZ2.
Open Access
Basic data analysis using R
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2017-04-25) Magle, C. Tobin, speaker
Learning how to code can be intimidating, but will save you time and effort in the long run. This month's Data and Donuts will cover basic analysis of tabular data in R studio. By the end of this session, you will be able to load data into R, calculate summary statistics, split the data based on categorical variables and create exploratory graphs using R's basic graphics package. This session is geared toward beginners, so if you have lots of coding experience, this may not be the class for you.
Open Access
Behavioral responses associated with a human-mediated predator shelter
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2014-04) Graeme, Shannon, author; Cordes, Line S., author; Hardy, Amanda R., author; Angeloni, Lisa M., author; Crooks, Kevin R., author; Public Library of Science, publisher
Human activities in protected areas can affect wildlife populations in a similar manner to predation risk, causing increases in movement and vigilance, shifts in habitat use and changes in group size. Nevertheless, recent evidence indicates that in certain situations ungulate species may actually utilize areas associated with higher levels of human presence as a potential refuge from disturbance-sensitive predators. We now use four-years of behavioral activity budget data collected from pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) and elk (Cervus elephus) in Grand Teton National Park, USA to test whether predictable patterns of human presence can provide a shelter from predatory risk. Daily behavioral scans were conducted along two parallel sections of road that differed in traffic volume - with the main Teton Park Road experiencing vehicle use that was approximately thirty-fold greater than the River Road. At the busier Teton Park Road, both species of ungulate engaged in higher levels of feeding (27% increase in the proportion of pronghorn feeding and 21% increase for elk), lower levels of alert behavior (18% decrease for pronghorn and 9% decrease for elk) and formed smaller groups. These responses are commonly associated with reduced predatory threat. Pronghorn also exhibited a 30% increase in the proportion of individuals moving at the River Road as would be expected under greater exposure to predation risk. Our findings concur with the 'predator shelter hypothesis', suggesting that ungulates in GTNP use human presence as a potential refuge from predation risk, adjusting their behavior accordingly. Human activity has the potential to alter predator-prey interactions and drive trophic-mediated effects that could ultimately impact ecosystem function and biodiversity.
Open Access
BIM use by architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry in educational facility projects
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2019-07-03) Moreno, Cristina, author; Olbina, Svetlana, author; Issa, Raja R., author; Hindawi, publisher
In recent years, many public and private sector owners have started to require a building information modeling (BIM) component in new construction projects. Although there has been a significant increase in industry-wide acceptance of BIM, it is still not a standard practice in the educational facility sector. This research aimed at exploring the use of BIM in educational facility projects by the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) disciplines. A survey that investigated BIM adoption at the company level, BIM implementation in projects, benefits of using BIM, and obstacles to using BIM was distributed to architects, site engineers, structural engineers, mechanical engineers, and contractors across the United States. The survey results showed that a majority of the respondents from all five disciplines used BIM. BIM was most commonly used for 3D visualization, automation of documentation, and clash detection. The most important benefits of BIM included better marketing and clearer understanding of projects which is crucial for clients such as school students, teachers, and principals. Lack of expertise and need for training seemed to be main obstacles to BIM use. The research contributes to the body of knowledge by showing prevalence of BIM use on educational facility projects and indicating how BIM could help improve collaborative knowledge sharing among designers, contractors, and clients, resulting in better quality educational buildings. These research findings can be used to assist AEC companies that are interested in implementing BIM in the educational facility projects.
Open Access
Biomass for thermochemical conversion: targets and challenges
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2013-07) Tanger, Paul, author; Field, John L., author; Jahn, Courtney E., author; DeFoort, Morgan W., author; Leach, Jan E., author; Frontiers Research Foundation, publisher
Bioenergy will be one component of a suite of alternatives to fossil fuels. Effective conversion of biomass to energy will require the careful pairing of advanced conversion technologies with biomass feedstocks optimized for the purpose. Lignocellulosic biomass can be converted to useful energy products via two distinct pathways: enzymatic or thermochemical conversion. The thermochemical pathways are reviewed and potential biotechnology or breeding targets to improve feedstocks for pyrolysis, gasification, and combustion are identified. Biomass traits influencing the effectiveness of the thermochemical process (cell wall composition, mineral and moisture content) differ from those important for enzymatic conversion and so properties are discussed in the language of biologists (biochemical analysis) as well as that of engineers (proximate and ultimate analysis). We discuss the genetic control, potential environmental influence, and consequences of modification of these traits. Improving feedstocks for thermochemical conversion can be accomplished by the optimization of lignin levels, and the reduction of ash and moisture content. We suggest that ultimate analysis and associated properties such as H:C, O:C, and heating value might be more amenable than traditional biochemical analysis to the high-throughput necessary for the phenotyping of large plant populations. Expanding our knowledge of these biomass traits will play a critical role in the utilization of biomass for energy production globally, and add to our understanding of how plants tailor their composition with their environment.
Open Access
Building a multi-institutional and interdisciplinary team to develop a zoonotic tuberculosis roadmap
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2018-06-12) Olea-Popelka, Francisco, author; Fujiwara, Paula I., author; Frontiers in Public Health, publisher
Tuberculosis (TB), as the major infectious disease in the world, has devastating consequences for not only humans, but also cattle and several wildlife species. This disease presents additional challenges to human and veterinary health authorities given the zoonotic nature of the pathogens responsible for the disease across species. One of the main public health challenges regarding zoonotic TB (ZTB) caused by Mycobacterium bovis is that the true incidence of this type of TB in humans is not known and is likely to be underestimated. To effectively address challenges posed by ZTB, an integrated One Health approach is needed. In this manuscript, we describe the rationale, major steps, timeline, stakeholders, and important events that led to the assembling of a true integrated multi-institutional and interdisciplinary team that accomplished the ambitious goal of developing a ZTB roadmap, published in October, 2017. It outlines key activities to address the global challenges regarding the prevention, surveillance, diagnosis, and treatment of ZTB. We discuss and emphasize the importance of integrated approaches to be able to accomplish the short (year 2020) and medium term (year 2025) goals outlined in the ZTB roadmap.
Open Access
Canine closed castration
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2011) Weir, Heather, speaker; Colorado State University. College of Veterinary Medicine, producer
Historic document - content may not reflect current scientific research, policies, or practices.
Open Access
Canine OHE
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2002-06) Weir, Heather, speaker; Colorado State University. College of Veterinary Medicine, producer
Historic document - content may not reflect current scientific research, policies, or practices.
Open Access
Carbon-degrading enzyme activities stimulated by increased nutrient availability in Arctic tundra soils
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2013-10) Koyama, Akihiro, author; Wallenstein, Matthw D., author; Simpson, Rodney T., author; Moore, John C., author; Public Library of Science, publisher
Climate-induced warming of the Arctic tundra is expected to increase nutrient availability to soil microbes, which in turn may accelerate soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition. We increased nutrient availability via fertilization to investigate the microbial response via soil enzyme activities. Specifically, we measured potential activities of seven enzymes at four temperatures in three soil profiles (organic, organic/mineral interface, and mineral) from untreated native soils and from soils which had been fertilized with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) since 1989 (23 years) and 2006 (six years). Fertilized plots within the 1989 site received annual additions of 10 g N⋅m-2⋅year-1 and 5 g P⋅m-2⋅year-1. Within the 2006 site, two fertilizer regimes were established - one in which plots received 5 g N⋅m-2⋅year-1 and 2.5 g P⋅m-2⋅year-1 and one in which plots received 10 g N⋅m-2⋅year-1 and 5 g P⋅m-2⋅year-1. The fertilization treatments increased activities of enzymes hydrolyzing carbon (C)-rich compounds but decreased phosphatase activities, especially in the organic soils. Activities of two enzymes that degrade N-rich compounds were not affected by the fertilization treatments. The fertilization treatments increased ratios of enzyme activities degrading C-rich compounds to those for N-rich compounds or phosphate, which could lead to changes in SOM chemistry over the long term and to losses of soil C. Accelerated SOM decomposition caused by increased nutrient availability could significantly offset predicted increased C fixation via stimulated net primary productivity in Arctic tundra ecosystems.
Open Access
Carnations and the floriculture industry: documenting the cultivation and marketing of flowers in Colorado
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2008) Liu, Shu, author; Meyer, Linda M., author; The Haworth Press, Inc., publisher
The Records of the Colorado Flower Growers Association (CFGA) is an archival collection documenting the association prior to its 1979 name change. The CFGA was founded in 1928 to support the production and marketing of greenhouse flowers grown commercially in the state. In 1979, the organization changed its name to the Colorado Greenhouse Growers Association to reflect the increasing diversification of the industry. The collection consists of documents dated 1928 to 1980 (with the bulk falling between 1958 and 1972), and includes minutes from general, board and committee meetings, correspondence, newsletters, financial reports, scrapbooks, clippings, and photographic materials. This article provides a history of Colorado carnations, information on the collection, and describes a digital project supported by a cooperative agreement between the Agriculture Network Information Center (AgNIC) and the Colorado State University (CSU) Libraries to make a selection of the scrapbooks, clippings, newsletters, and photographic materials available online to researchers through the AgNIC Web site. In addition to providing access to over 500 digital images, project staff developed important metadata to facilitate their discovery, retrieval, and management using the Standard NAL Metadata and the Collaborative Digitization Project (CDP)'s CDP Dublin Core Metadata Best Practices.
Open Access
Characterising the impacts of emerging energy development on wildlife, with an eye towards mitigation
(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012) Northrup, Joseph M., author; Wittemyer, George, author; Blackwell Publishing Ltd., publisher
Global demand for energy is projected to increase by 40% in the next 20 years, and largely will be met with alternative and unconventional sources. Development of these resources causes novel disturbances that strongly impact terrestrial ecosystems and wildlife. To effectively position ecologists to address this prevalent conservation challenge, we reviewed the literature on the ecological ramifications of this dominant driver of global land-use change, consolidated results for its mitigation and highlighted knowledge gaps. Impacts varied widely, underscoring the importance of area and species-specific studies. The most commonly reported impacts included behavioural responses and direct mortality. Examinations of mitigation were limited, but common easements included (1) reduction of the development footprint and human activity, (2) maintenance of undeveloped, 'refuge' habitat and (3) alteration of activity during sensitive periods. Problematically, the literature was primarily retrospective, focused on few species, countries, and ecoregions, and fraught with generalisations from weak inference. We advocate future studies take a comprehensive approach incorporating a mechanistic understanding of the interplay between development caused impacts and species ecology that will enable effective mitigation. Key areas for future research vital to securing a sustainable energy future in the face of development-related global change are outlined.