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Browsing by Author "Kothari, K. M., author"

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    Accelerated dilution of liquefied natural gas plumes with fences and vortex generators: final report, August 1981-May 1982
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 1982-05) Meroney, Robert N., author; Kothari, K. M., author; Fluid Mechanics and Wind Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
    A wind-tunnel test program was conducted on a 1:250 scale model to determine the effects of fences and vortex generators on the dispersion of LNG plumes. The tests were conducted simulating continuous LNG boil-off rates of 20, 30 and 40 m3/min; 4, 7, 9 and 12 m/sec wind speed for fence data and 4, 7 and 9 m/sec wind speed for vortex generator data; six configurations; and two heights of fences and vortex generators. Plots of ground-level mean concentration contours were constructed. The highest concentrations were observed for the case of no fences and vortex generators. Fences and vortex generators created higher turbulence intensity in the wake and resulted into enhanced mixing thus reducing the ground-level hazards of LNG plumes. In general, the lower wind speed gave the higher ground-level concentration when fence or vortex generator interacted with the LNG plume. However, for the case of no fence or vortex generator the higher concentration persisted for longer downwind distances for 7 m/sec wind speed. As expected, the ground-level concentrations were increased with an increase in LNG boil-off rate but decreased with the increase in the fence/vortex generator height. In general, the solid fences gave the lower ground-level concentration as compared with the vortex generator with identical conditions. The double fences or vortex generators gave the maximum LNG plume dilution. However, the single fence or vortex generator near the source gave approximately the same dilution and hence, it would not justify the additional expenses of having second fence or vortex generator. It was also observed that the maximum LNG plume dilution occurs when the fence or vortex generator is closest possible to the LNG spill area.
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    Behavior of LNG vapor clouds: tests to define the size, shape and structure of LNG vapor clouds
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 1980-07) Meroney, Robert, N., author; Neff, D. E., author; Kothari, K. M., author; Fluid Mechanics and Wind Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
    A terraced 1:240 scale model of the China Lake Naval Weapons Center was constructed to a resolution of one foot vertical increments and placed in the wind tunnel to determine the distances of lower flammability limit (LFL) for 1980, 40 cubic meter spills of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) under 4 wind speeds, 5 wind directions, and neutral flow conditions. A set of 8 aspirated hot-wire katharometer probes were made to determine the transient concentration at various downwind locations. Measurements of mean velocities, turbulence intensities, velocity spectra and correlations were performed over the model in the wind tunnel capable of simulating atmospheric phenomena. Data analysis has produced peak concentrations, contours of LFL, and time progressions of the plume ground level LFL. The wind tunnel test should determine the locations of meteorological or concentration instruments set up for field tests. In addition, the expected distances to LFL are determined by wind tunnel tests, thus the field program has the prior knowledge of the distances up to which the measurements should be performed.
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    Building effects on National Transonic Facility exhaust plume
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 1979) Kothari, K. M., author; Meroney, Robert N., author; Fluid Mechanics and Wind Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
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    Dispersion of vapor from LNG spills at Energy Terminal Service Corporation: releases during stable atmospheric conditions, simulation in a wind tunnel
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 1981-08) Meroney, Robert N., author; Kothari, K. M., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
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    Dispersion of vapor from LNG spills at Energy Terminal Service Corporation: simulation on a wind tunnel
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 1981-11) Kothari, K. M., author; Meroney, R. N., author; Fluid Mechanics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
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    Dispersion of vapor from LNG spills at Green Point Energy Center: simulation in a wind tunnel
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 1980-06) Kothari, K. M., author; Meroney, R. N., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
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    LNG plume interaction with surface obstacles: final report, September 1980-September 1982
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 1981) Kothari, K. M., author; Neff, D. E., author; Meroney, Robert N., author; Fluid Mechanics and Wind Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
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    Model study of liquified natural gas vapor cloud dispersion with water spray curtains: final report, March 1982-March 1983
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 1983-03) Meroney, R. N., author; Kothari, K. M., author; Neff, D. R., author; Andreiev, G., author; Fluid Mechanics and Wind Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
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    Nuclear power plant building wake effects on atmospheric diffusion: simulation in wind tunnel
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 1981-06) Peterka, J. A. (Jon A.), author; Kothari, K. M., author; Meroney, Robert N., author; Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California, publisher
    A 1:400 scale model of the nuclear power plant and the surrounding complex located in the Midwest was placed into the Meteorological Wind Tunnel at Colorado State University to study the building wake effects on atmospheric diffusion. The mean concentration measurements were made at five arcs downwind of the complex. Results show that the buildings significantly alter the dispersion patterns downwind of the complex. The maximum ground level concentration for each of the sample arcs occurred during the moderately stable stratification for the turbine building release. Similar maximum ground level concentration results were obtained for the other two release locations except for the 73.7 m downwind arc. The maximum ground level concentration at each arc occurred for a wind direction of 135 degrees except at 147.3 m arc. At the arc distance of 147.3 m this maximum was obtained for a 157.5 degrees wind direction. The modified Gaussian predictive equation underpredicted the measured concentration. The wind tunnel measurements were modified using weighted algorithm method to account for the variations in the wind direction and stratification observed in the field data. The method was realistic in both predicting centerline concentration values as well as the horizontal spread of the plume. The additional concentration measurements were performed in the wake of cylindrical, cubical and hemispherical buildings with various vent heights and neutral stability. The maximum ground level concentrations were in the wake of cylindrical buildings. The experimental results show that for the vent heights of 1.5 times the building height, the building wake effects were minimum on the ground level concentration.
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    Stably stratified building wakes
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 1979) Kothari, K. M., author; Peterka, J. A. (Jon A.), author; Meroney, Robert N., author; Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher
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    The wake and diffusion structure behind a model industrial complex
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 1981) Kothari, K. M., author; Peterka, J. A. (Jon A.), author; Meroney, Robert N., author; The Commission; National Technical Information Service, distributor
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    Wind-tunnel measurements of dispersion and turbulence in the wakes of nuclear reactor plants: final report, January 1975-December 1979
    (Colorado State University. Libraries, 1980) Meroney, Robert N., author; Peterka, J. A. (Jon A.), author; Kothari, K. M., author; Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, publisher