Browsing by Author "Canetto, Silvia, committee member"
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Item Open Access Being: in badges(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2016) Coder, Cara, author; Bates, Haley, advisor; Moore, Emily, committee member; Lehene, Marius, committee member; Canetto, Silvia, committee memberAs a woman in contemporary society, I am often at odds with my physical appearance and comparing it to how I “should” look. Through Being: In Badges I use the format of the brooch to make visible my daily battle to love and accept my physical body. Using colored glass as a marker of emotion and silver as a marker of time, I depict an abstract record of my relationship with my physical appearance on a daily, or even hourly basis. I do this as a means to be honest about my experience as a woman who wants to love the body she’s in. Cognizant of societal pressures to exert women to hate how they look, I strive to love my body and my appearance.Item Open Access Comparative analysis of willingness to seek personal therapy between beginning and advanced counseling graduate students(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012) Landwehr, Nicole, author; Kees, Nathalie, advisor; Carlson, Laurie, committee member; Canetto, Silvia, committee memberThe purpose of this study was to examine counseling graduate students' willingness to seek counseling. Ægisdóttir and Gerstein (2009) determined three components of willingness to seek counseling: stigma tolerance, intent, and expertness. These three constructs, along with overall willingness, were assessed utilizing the Beliefs About Psychological Services (BAPS) scale, developed by Ægisdóttir and Gerstein. The independent variables of beginning and advanced counseling students were created based on research that demonstrated differences between entry-level students and doctoral students (Skovholt & Ronnestad, 1992) and research that examined three levels of beginning versus advanced counseling graduate students (Roach & Young, 2007). Master's level counseling students (N = 37) from four universities completed the BAPS scale on willingness to seek counseling and a demographic questionnaire. No statistically significant results were found between beginning and advanced counseling graduate students on the dependent variables of overall willingness, stigma tolerance, intent, and expertness utilizing four independent sample t-tests. Past literature was examined in accordance with the current findings. Participants reported similar levels of current use of counseling and past use of counseling as in previous research. Limitations are explored, as well as implications for counseling graduate programs and future research.Item Open Access Dynamic disorders: narratives of eating disorders and the father-daughter relationship(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2011) Mouton, Ashton, author; Broadfoot, Kirsten, advisor; Aoki, Eric, committee member; Canetto, Silvia, committee memberEating disorders affect women all over the world, particularly adolescents, at a rate which has grown in the last several decades. As obesity becomes one of the most battled health risks, those seriously underweight are ignored, praised, and/or forgotten, and as the fear of obesity grows, so does the incidence and prevalence of eating disorders. Previous research on eating disorders has focused on the family system and/or the mother-daughter dyad for their etiological significance, but relatively little attention has been given to the father's place in the family system or the father-daughter dyad in this context. Using Bronfenbrenner's (1979) ecological model as a lens, this thesis expands the literature of eating disorders by asking questions about the father-daughter relationship and the father's role(s) in the development, maintenance, and recovery of their daughter's eating disorder experiences. Narrative interviews, which record daughters' perceived experiences of the father-daughter relationship in the context of their eating disorders, were collected from women who self-identify as having an eating disorder. Analysis of the daughters' narrative accounts reveals six themes that define the father-daughter relationship and daughters' experiences of their eating disorders. Throughout the narratives, daughters communicatively construct their relationships with their fathers through the dialectical tensions of closeness/distance and openness/closedness. Interestingly, daughters do not communicatively construct their relationships with their fathers based on interactions about food, weight, or appearance but rather around issues of quality interactions, support, and closeness, as daughters construct the father-daughter relationship as an evolving emotional experience. Eating disorders, then, are perceived as relational artifacts of the father-daughter relationship, marking certain relational turning points. Within the narratives, fathers potentially enable the development of the eating disorder through actions and inactions nonrelated to daughters' food intake, appearance, or behavior and potentially further enable the performance of the eating disorder through their silence and passive reactions to their daughters' disorders. However, fathers have the potential to aid in the recovery process with care, support, and expressed closeness, and when fathers do actively participate in their daughters' recovery, the relationship and the recovery process can both benefit from their active participation. These findings highlight the need for further research on fathers (and other father-figures) in this context. Future studies should examine and compare narratives of both fathers and daughters in this context to gain a more complete picture of the father-daughter relationship experience. In addition, future studies should inquire about the family's influence on eating disorders but also the eating disorder's influence on family interactions. Finally, future research should conduct studies with relational dialectics and relational turning points as their main focus in families with eating disorders.Item Open Access How does death harm the person who dies?(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2012) Bzdok, Andrew John, author; McShane, Katie, advisor; Cafaro, Philip, committee member; Canetto, Silvia, committee memberThe objective of this thesis is to identify the most persuasive justification for the common intuition that death is a harm for the person who dies. This goal is achieved by examining the Deprivation Theory and the Desire Thwarting Theory, which are the two most popular theories that explain how and why death harms the person who dies, and identifying what one must theoretically accept to make each theory tenable. The Desire Thwarting Theory claims that death harms the person who dies when it frustrates certain forward-looking desires, and the Deprivation Theory states that death harms the person who dies when death deprives an individual of certain goods she would have received had she not died. I argue that although the Deprivation Theory provides the most persuasive justification for the intuition that death harms the person who dies, it still requires a number of contestable theoretical commitments to make it defensible. I conclude that the Deprivation Theory provides a convincing justification for the common intuition that death is a harm for the person who dies only if one accepts the following claims: (a) that death can result in a genuine loss of future goods for the person who dies, (b) that the fact that the theory cannot provide a single evaluation of whether death is a harm for the person who dies isn't a problem for the theory, and (c) that we can either identify the time when the person who dies is worse off as a result of her death or defend the claim that the harm of death is a timeless harm.Item Open Access Intergenerational transmission of gender ideology: the unique associations of parental gender ideology and gendered behavior with adolescents' gender beliefs(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2017) Bishop, Amy, author; Lucas-Thompson, Rachel, advisor; Haddock, Shelley, committee member; Canetto, Silvia, committee memberParents' modeled behavior of shared or non-egalitarian division of labor does not always reflect their gender ideology. I examined whether parents' modeled behavior or their own gender ideology was a better predictor of adolescents' egalitarian or non-egalitarian gender beliefs. Parents and their adolescent children were assessed in terms of gender ideology and perceptions of parent marital equality. Bivariate correlations showed that parent gender ideology was a significant predictor of adolescent gender ideology but parent marital equality behavior was not. Furthermore, in multivariate regression analyses, there were interactions between parent gender ideology and adolescent sex: parent gender ideology was significantly associated with gender ideology for male adolescents but was not significantly associated with gender ideology for female adolescents. Implications, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.Item Open Access Measuring adolescent sense of belonging: development of an instrument incorporating gender, ethnicity, and age(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2017) Harrison, Shannon, author; Buchan, Victoria, advisor; Orsi, Rebbeca, committee member; Gandy, John, committee member; Canetto, Silvia, committee memberStudies incorporating the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (ITS) have largely excluded the association of adolescents with the ITS construct, thwarted belonging. A closer examination of the ITS was necessary, due to its potential for providing information regarding suicide risk. The purpose of this study was to develop a Sense of Belonging Measure, to examine whether and how the construct, thwarted sense of belonging, applied to adolescents, specifically by gender, ethnicity, and age group. Data (N = 10,148) from the National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A, 2001-2004) was analyzed. Adolescents aged 13-18 completed the the survey. An exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha testing determined that the variables in the Sense of Belonging Measure reliably measured the concepts that the literature identified as being related to adolescent belonging. A three way analysis of variance (ANOVA) produced statistically significant main effects of age groups, and of ethnicity, on sense of belonging. An unexpected statistically significant interaction effect of gender and ethnicity on sense of belonging was produced. It is recommended that this measure be clinically tested in mental health settings, to further determine the utility of the construct "thwarted sense of belonging," in its application to adolescents.Item Open Access Parenting styles and the intergenerational transmission of gender ideology(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2014) Jones, Kaitlin, author; Lucas-Thompson, Rachel, advisor; Harvey, Ashley, committee member; Canetto, Silvia, committee memberThe present study investigated the similarity between parents and children in gender ideology, and whether parenting style moderated the intergenerational transmission (i.e. similarity) of gender ideology between parents and children. Past research suggests that parents and children are similar in terms of overall gender ideology and that authoritative parenting promotes the best outcomes for children. Given this knowledge, the present study sought to investigate the relationship between these two concepts while examining whether the relations between gender ideology and parenting style differ based on parent and child gender. A sample of 76 adolescents from the United States and their parents were asked to complete questionnaires surveying parenting style and gender ideology. Analyses assessed the similarity of parents and their children in terms of gender ideology as well as examined parenting style as a moderator of this association. Results indicated that parent and child gender ideologies are similar, but parenting style does not consistently moderate the transmission of gender ideology from parent to child. Results also revealed that paternal gender ideology is more consistently related to teen, particularly male, gender ideology than maternal gender ideology.Item Open Access Perspectives(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2014) Minguzzi, Silvia, author; Gravdahl, John, advisor; Tornatzky, Cyane, advisor; Risbeck, Phil, committee member; Moseman, Eleanor, committee member; Canetto, Silvia, committee memberWe see what we want to see. We perceive the world around us in our own way and sometimes our perception is far from how others might perceive it. We have got used to rely on our feelings and emotions when we see or judge something and sometimes this leads to the misinterpretation of the things around us, because feelings and emotions can't be objective. Perspective projection distortion is the inevitable misrepresentation of three-dimensional space when drawn or projected onto a two-dimensional surface. It is impossible to accurately depict 3D reality on a 2D plane. The main focus of my body of work is to apply my research on how the new technologies pushed the boundaries of perspective projection distortion in the digital art world. I use perspective projections in my work not only as a technique, but also as a philosophy. Being able of looking at the world from a different perspective, being able to challenge stereotypical perspective is a powerful way to fight inequality in our society: income inequality, gender inequality. Diversity can be as simple as a different point of view. I believe in the power of data, and in my work I always look for inspiration in different terrain: politics, economics, anthropology, psychology are my bread and butter. I believe that any modern artist needs to push the art forward, inventing, defining new paradigms of expression with powerful meanings. It can be done using new technology, or researching new techniques with old media. It is about the experience the artist delivers to the public - whether it is provocative, whether it changes how the viewer thinks, feels and views the world. This is what really matters, and it has nothing to do with the techniques that the artist chooses to use. Just as the development of acrylic paints in the 20th century did not mean that oil paints or even the practice of creating one's own paint from pigments fell out of practice, so it is with technology. Just as some artists paint in oils only or acrylics only, some create their work digitally. Image editing and graphic design software programs are yet another tool to add to the artist's palette. This is why in my work I try to use a wide range of media: from printmaking to digital fabrication, from graphic design and typography to motion graphic and projection.Item Open Access Suicide mortality, economics and subgroup segregation(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2020) Briggs, Thomas, author; Pena, Anita Alves, advisor; Bernasek, Alexandra, advisor; Zahran, Sammy, committee member; Canetto, Silvia, committee memberIn the United States, suicide is typically theorized as an individual act, and as symptom of a mental disorder. However, evidence shows that those who die of suicide (e.g., by sex, race) varies depending on cultural, social and economic factors. Research on the contexts of suicide has been marked by several limitations, including a tendency to analyze social and economic factors separately, and also a disregard for the combined role of sex and ethnicity in the relationship between social and economic factors and suicide. This study compares current statistics with past research and offers a different methodology in the estimation and model construction of the socioeconomic determinants of suicide. By examining the association between social and economic indicators and suicide among African descent men and women, as compared to European descent men and women in the United States, this study isolates the impact of business cycle fluctuations (as indicated by the unemployment rate) on socioeconomic flows in marital, educational and age groups. The first chapter compares previous research on suicide mortality conducted in Ruhm, (2000) over business cycles by exploiting socioeconomic data from 2005-2012. Using detailed suicide mortality data, I observe that previous trends in state level suicide determination via the unemployment rate, hold over this time period. My research also expands upon Ruhm (2000) by accounting for race and gender specific socioeconomic means and suicide rates, I determine that the strong correlation between the unemployment rate and the suicide rate, only holds for whites, in particular white males. The association is insignificant for every other demographic at the state level. I also estimated the association at the county level. In a comparison of the regions, county level aggregates found significance for each subgroup. A significant and negative association was found for blacks and significant and positive for whites. These results suggest that the detrimental effects of unemployment (alone) only affects whites, although the mechanism that increases suicide for blacks could be through other socioeconomic variables that are themselves impacted by the unemployment rate. The findings imply that the modeling technique used in previous research is not sufficient to obtain the appropriate results for every demographic subgroup or subregion. The second chapter studies the impact of socioeconomic status variables such as marital status, educational attainment, income level and inequality on the suicide count as well as regional controls on gun ownership and level of unemployment insurance. This section employs a zero-inflated negative binomial model, with modification for panel data. Results indicated that unemployment was significantly positive only for white males. Marriage has a significant and negative impact on every demographic subgroup with the exception of black females. The impact of inequality on black males and females was much more positive and significant by magnitude than that for white males and females. These findings suggest inequality as a significant factor on suicide during economic downturns, especially for blacks. Furthermore, these results suggest that business cycle fluctuations impact the black suicide rate through inequality thus, not through unemployment directly. The third chapter addresses economic frustration as a reason for the notable increase in suicide rates, particularly amongst poor whites. It is argued that the externalization of economic frustration by poor whites once led to homicide of blacks. Through changing social norms and penal consequences current economic and social frustration is internalized and leads to increased morbidity and suicide mortality in whites. I refer to the past perspective of one of the most influential black leaders, W.E.B. Dubois. I also provide a history of economic violence and analyze current phenomena using the philosophies of Dubois and add further evidence of the current state of affairs offered by Jonathan Metzl. Together these chapters suggest an alternative reasoning for increased suicide mortality in the U.S. As demonstrated, the current etiology does not universally account for the socioeconomic determinants of suicide mortality in the United States by subgroup or subregion. Furthermore, there has been s substantial disregard for the cultural changes in America that may account for rising suicide mortality in America, such as racial/ethnic saturation and the internalization of economic frustration in economic analysis.Item Open Access Three essays in feminist economics: empirical & historical applications(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2022) Small, Sarah F., author; Braunstein, Elissa, advisor; Alves Pena, Anita, committee member; Weiler, Stephan, committee member; Canetto, Silvia, committee memberThis dissertation includes three essays in feminist economics. The first two are quantitative empirical studies, which study the interactions between paid work, allocations of housework, and intrahousehold power dynamics. Chapter 1 examines the extent to which men extract unpaid household labor from women to support entrepreneurial ventures. Models using Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) data from 1985 to 2019 illustrate that, in married White couples, women's disproportionate share of housework increases when their husbands take on business ownership. However, there is no evidence that White husbands extend such support when their wives own businesses. In Black couples, wives take on even greater housework shares when they own a business. These dynamics suggest that the success of married White men's entrepreneurship may be built on extracting domestic labor from their wives: a notion consistent with patriarchal rent seeking theories. Chapter 2 offers a quantitative test of hegemonic masculinity theory and demonstrates how men of different race and income groups respond to their women partners out-earning them— an economic 'threat' to masculinity. Results indicate in upper-income White men have a strong aversion to the situation in which a woman out-earns her male partner. As hegemonic masculinity theory would suggest, middle-income White men follow suit, but lower income White men, and Black men in most income groups, do not. The third chapter is a qualitative history of Barbara Bergmann's occupational crowding hypothesis. The chapter situates the hypothesis among contemporary competing theories on the economics of discrimination and explains why the crowding hypothesis did not persist as a major explanation of wage differences in the mainstream of the economics profession. Each chapter contributes to the feminist economic mission to overcome androcentric bias in economic analysis, to speak to power, and to extinguish oppression.Item Open Access What factors affect school attendance? Quantitative and qualitative study of evidence from Nepal(Colorado State University. Libraries, 2017) Bhattarai, Niroj Kumar, author; Bernasek, Alexandra, advisor; Pena, Anita Alves, advisor; Vasudevan, Ramaa, committee member; Kent, Suzanne, committee member; Canetto, Silvia, committee memberThere exist many factors that impact school attendance of students in developing countries. Factors range from the distance to school from a student's home to the availability of gender-specific restrooms. A project in the south east part of Nepal that built gender-specific restrooms and brought running water to the school increased enrollment and attendance of the students, particularly of girls. To study what other factors impact attendance, a survey was conducted in and around Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. An econometric study of the data generated by the survey showed that time spent studying at home, having an educated mother and an employed mother, all had positive effect on students' attendance. Distance to school, presence of siblings, and lack of computers had negative effects on attendance. The data also demonstrated gender differences in what and how various factors affected attendance at the secondary level of education in Nepal.